future promise

future_promise_queue()

future_promise(
  expr = NULL,
  envir = parent.frame(),
  substitute = TRUE,
  globals = TRUE,
  packages = NULL,
  ...,
  queue = future_promise_queue()
)

Arguments

expr

An R expression. While the expr is eventually sent to future::future(), please use the same precautions that you would use with regular promises::promise() expressions. future_promise() may have to hold the expr in a promise() while waiting for a future worker to become available.

envir

The environment from where global objects should be identified.

substitute

If TRUE, argument expr is substitute():ed, otherwise not.

globals

(optional) a logical, a character vector, or a named list to control how globals are handled. For details, see section 'Globals used by future expressions' in the help for future().

packages

(optional) a character vector specifying packages to be attached in the R environment evaluating the future.

...

extra parameters provided to future::future()

queue

A queue that is used to schedule work to be done using future::future(). This queue defaults to future_promise_queue() and requires that method queue$schedule_work(fn) exist. This method should take in a function that will execute the promised future work.

Value

Unlike future::future(), future_promise() returns a promise() object that will eventually resolve the future expr.

Details

When submitting future work, future (by design) will block the main R session until a worker becomes available. This occurs when there is more submitted future work than there are available future workers. To counter this situation, we can create a promise to execute work using future (using future_promise()) and only begin the work if a future worker is available.

Using future_promise() is recommended whenever a continuous runtime is used, such as with plumber or shiny.

For more details and examples, please see the vignette("future_promise", "promises") vignette.

Functions

• future_promise_queue(): Default future_promise() work queue to use. This function returns a WorkQueue that is cached per R session.

• future_promise(): Creates a promise() that will execute the expr using future::future().

See also

WorkQueue

Examples

# Relative start time
start <- Sys.time()
# Helper to force two `future` workers
with_two_workers <- function(expr) {
  if (!require("future")) {
    message("`future` not installed")
    return()
  }
  old_plan <- future::plan(future::multisession(workers = 2))
  on.exit({future::plan(old_plan)}, add = TRUE)
  start <<- Sys.time()
  force(expr)
  while(!later::loop_empty()) {Sys.sleep(0.1); later::run_now()}
  invisible()
}
# Print a status message. Ex: `"PID: XXX; 2.5s promise done"`
print_msg <- function(pid, msg) {
  message(
    "PID: ", pid, "; ",
    round(difftime(Sys.time(), start, units = "secs"), digits = 1), "s " ,
    msg
  )
}

# `"promise done"` will appear after four workers are done and the main R session is not blocked
# The important thing to note is the first four times will be roughly the same
with_two_workers({
  promise_resolve(Sys.getpid()) %...>% print_msg("promise done")
  for (i in 1:6) future::future({Sys.sleep(1); Sys.getpid()}) %...>% print_msg("future done")
})
#> Loading required package: future
#> PID: 5799; 2.3s promise done
#> PID: 6045; 2.4s future done
#> PID: 6046; 2.4s future done
#> PID: 6045; 2.4s future done
#> PID: 6046; 2.4s future done
#> PID: 6045; 3.2s future done
#> PID: 6046; 3.3s future done
{
#> PID: XXX; 2.5s promise done
#> PID: YYY; 2.6s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 2.6s future done
#> PID: YYY; 2.6s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 2.6s future done
#> PID: YYY; 3.4s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 3.6s future done
}
#> NULL

# `"promise done"` will almost immediately, before any workers have completed
# The first two `"future done"` comments appear earlier the example above
with_two_workers({
  promise_resolve(Sys.getpid()) %...>% print_msg("promise")
  for (i in 1:6) future_promise({Sys.sleep(1); Sys.getpid()}) %...>% print_msg("future done")
})
#> PID: 5799; 0.3s promise
#> PID: 6135; 1.3s future done
#> PID: 6136; 1.4s future done
#> PID: 6135; 2.5s future done
#> PID: 6136; 2.6s future done
#> PID: 6135; 3.6s future done
#> PID: 6136; 3.7s future done
{
#> PID: XXX; 0.2s promise done
#> PID: YYY; 1.3s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 1.4s future done
#> PID: YYY; 2.5s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 2.6s future done
#> PID: YYY; 3.4s future done
#> PID: ZZZ; 3.6s future done
}
#> NULL